The 63-year-old faces up to seven years in jail and two million euros (Sh227mn) in fines if found guilty of stashing offshore his earnings from a lucrative hair-transplant business he ran with his now ex-wife.
The Cahuzac scandal was the first of a series that have tarnished the presidency of Francois Hollande, who had promised a squeaky clean government after succeeding Nicholas Sarkozy, the subject of several graft investigations, in May 2012.
A media scrum is expected to descend on the court for the start of the trial, even if an opening defence gambit may prompt a delay of several months.
The spectacular scandal saw Hollande initially backing Cahuzac’s vehement denials after the Mediapart news website first broke the story in December 2012, posting a compromising audio recording.
Cahuzac – whose remit had included cracking down on tax fraud – promptly lodged a defamation suit against Mediapart.
But the trained surgeon, still protesting his innocence, resigned his post after a formal investigation was launched in March 2013.
Two weeks later, he dramatically confessed to having held the account with Swiss banking giant UBS and said he was “consumed by remorse”.
Cahuzac was immediately hounded by the media, telling a newspaper he had to move “every two days” to escape the glare.
The scandal prompted Hollande to order his ministers to disclose their personal wealth, a first in France, where personal finances are rarely discussed and the wealth of public officials had long been considered a private matter.